When a person has one copy of HbS, their immune system eliminates any sickle-shaped blood cells, including any infected blood cells. The parasite enters the blood and infects red blood cells. Malaria is a parasitic infection that a specific species of mosquitos transmit when they bite humans. Some scientists believe that this could be an evolutionary response to malaria. About 1 in 12 African Americans have sickle cell trait, while around 1 in 500 African Americans have some form of sickle cell disease. In the U.S., sickle cell disease is most common in African Americans. Hispanic people from Central and South America.people of Middle Eastern, Mediterranean, or Asian descent.The genes that cause sickle cell disease are more common in certain populations, including: Learn more about hematopoietic stem cell transplants. However, not everyone is eligible because it involves undergoing chemotherapy, which is risky for people with sickle cell disease. One treatment, a type of bone marrow transplant, can cure sickle cell disease. hydroxyurea for frequent or severe complications.How doctors address complications will vary depending on the condition a person develops. chronic transfusion therapy, which means a person receives regular blood transfusions.health screenings to detect early signs of complications such as stroke.Health maintenance involves regularly monitoring a person’s health. Treatment often focuses on two goals: maintaining health and managing complications. Sickle cell trait does not usually require medical intervention, but sickle cell anemia does. In severe cases, strenuous exercise may cause death. This can lead to symptoms similar to those of sickle cell disease or complications such as rhabdomyolysis. However, in situations that put immense stress on the body - such as intense exercise or low oxygen environments - people with sickle cell trait may develop more sickle-shaped red blood cells. On its own, this gene affects only a fraction of the blood cells a person produces, meaning that only a few become sickle-shaped. HbS tells the body to make hemoglobin in a way that makes red blood cells less effective.ĭespite this, people with only one copy of HbS typically experience no symptoms. People with sickle cell trait inherit one copy of HbA and one copy of HbS. This gene tells the body to make healthy, round blood cells that carry oxygen effectively. Usually, humans inherit two copies of a different gene, called hemoglobin A (HbA), from their parents. This gene affects how the body makes hemoglobin, the substance in red blood cells that transports oxygen around the body. People with sickle cell trait carry a gene known as HbS. Share on Pinterest IMAGINESTOCK/Getty Images
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